通知
按照中央关于治理经济环境、整顿经济秩序、深化张革的要求，为切实加强借用国际商业贷款的管理，特做如下通知：
一、严格控制对外借款规模。各地区、各部门要严格执行国家利用外资计划。凡未列入国家利用外资计划，未经中国人民银行总行批准，任何部门和单位不得自行对外借用各种形式的国际商业贷款，不得向我国在境外的机构和银行借款。未经外汇管理部门批准，不得将借款存放在境外。如擅自签约借款，其合同不能生效，外汇管理部门不予办理外债登记，银行不得为其开立外汇帐户，借款本息不准汇出。
二、对借用短期国际商业贷款实行余额管理，未经国家批准，不得超过核准的余额。已超过部分，自本通知发出之日起，必须在半年内调整到核准的限额内，否则，由当地外汇管理部门扣减相应的留成外汇或借用中长期国际商业贷款指标，强制用于还款。短期对外借款只能用于流动资金周转，不得用于固定资产投资项目。
三、在国外发行债券，必须在国家利用外资计划内，由中国人民银行批准发行债券的金融机构办理。发行债券的单位，必须严格按照中国人民银行公布的《关于中国境内机构在境外发行债券的管理规定》，在发债前报经中国人民银行批准。政府部门在国际市场上发行债券，须报经国务院批准。未经批准不得对外谈判。中国人民银行要做好国内发债机构进入国际市场发债的协调工作，认真审查在国外发债条件。
四、加强对外汇担保的管理。外汇担保不仅是对外信誉的保证，而且对外承担了偿还债务的责任，必须严格执行中国人民银行公布的《境内机构提供外汇担保的暂行管理办法》。企业对外担保必须具备足够的自有外汇作保证，担保总额不得超过其自有外汇资金；非银行金融机构提供的外汇担保总额与对外债务总额之和，最高不得超过人民银行规定的限额。境内机构未经国家外汇管理局批准，不得为境外机构提供外汇担保。政府部门和事业单位不得对外提供外汇担保。
五、严格审查借款项目。借用中长期国际商业贷款项目，借款单位在借款前，必须认真对项目的偿还能力和经济效益进行可行性研究，落实还款责任，并经金融机构严格评估。凡未经国家计划部门立项批准，配套人民币资金以及能源供应、交通条件等不落实的项目，不准借用国际商业贷款。国家计划外建设项目，不准借用国际商业贷款。国内单位的对外借款，一般不能用于外汇抵押人民币贷款，不能进入外汇调剂市场。如有特殊需要，须经国家外汇管理局审批。
六、收紧借用外债的窗口。除国家已确定的中国银行、交通银行，中国国际信托投资公司、中国投资银行，以及广东国际信托投资公司、福建投资企业公司、海南国际信托投资公司、上海市投资信托公司、天津市国际信托投资公司、大连国际信托投资公司十个窗口以外，今后不再批准对外借用外债的窗口。其他地区、部门、单位对外借用国际商业贷款、需逐笔或专项向中国人民银行申请。中国人民银行要对现有对外借款单位进行认真清理整顿。各对外借款窗口，以及经中国人民银行批准的借用国际商业贷款的单位，必须按中国人民银行的有关规定办理对外借款手续。
七、进一步完善外债登记和统计监测系统。不论是直接从境外筹借，还是国内转贷款，均要列入国家的外债统计监测系统，进行外债登记，以保证国家对外债规模、结构实行宏观监控。国家外汇管理局要尽快制定转贷款的登记和统计监测办法。对不办理或拖延办理登记手续的，必须严格按有关规定处罚。
八、合理安排对外债务结构。国家外汇管理局等部门要及时研究借款的币种、利率、期限、借款方式、国别、市场等，向国务院提出建议。中国人民银行应尽快制定《国际商业贷款管理办法》，加强审批和管理。
各级人民政府、各部门要严格执行本通知的各项规定，切实把本地区、本部门的外债管理工作纳入议事日程，认真抓好对外借款的使用效益，保证债务能够按期偿还，以维护国家对外信誉。各级外汇管理部门要加强对外借款的监督、检查、指导、及时反映情况。对于违反国家外债管理规定的，国务院授权外汇管理部门按有关规定从严处理，并追究当事人及领导人的责任。
本通知不适用于外商投资企业。(附英文)
CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL ON STRENGTHENING THE ADMINISTRATIONOFTHE OBTAINING OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL LOANS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL ON STRENGTHENING THE ADMINISTRATION
OF THE OBTAINING OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL LOANS
(January 12, 1989)
The following Circular is issued, in accordance with the requirements of
the Central Authorities concerning the improvement of the economic
environment, the straightening out of the economic order and the deepening
of the reform, for the purpose of strengthening the administration over
the obtaining of international commercial loans.
1. It is imperative to control the scale of borrowing from abroad. The
various localities and departments shall act in strict accordance with the
State plan for the use of foreign funds. No departments or units may,
without authorization, obtain from abroad any kind of international
commercial loans or borrow money from the Chinese institutions and banks
operating abroad, if such obtaining or borrowing is not included in the
State plan for the use of foreign funds and is not approved by the head
office of the People's Bank of China. Without the approval of the
department for control of foreign exchange, no loans may be deposited
abroad. If any party contracts a loan without authorization, the contract
therefor shall not go into effect, the department for control of foreign
exchange, shall not handle the registration for the foreign loan obtained,
the bank shall not open a foreign exchange account for the loan, and the
principal of the loan and the interest thereon may not be remitted abroad.
2. It is imperative to exercise administration over the balance of
short-term international commercial loans obtained and, without the
approval of the State, no quota of balance that has been verified and
approved may be exceeded. Any part that exceeds the amount of the balance
shall, within half a year as of the date of the promulgation of this
Circular, be readjusted so that the balance shall be within the quota
verified and approved, failing which the local department for control of
foreign exchange shall deduct a corresponding amount from the foreign
exchange the party concerned is entitled to retain or shall compulsorily
make use of the party's quota of medium-term and long-term international
commercial loans for the repayment of the loan. A short-term loan obtained
from abroad may only be used for the turnover of the circulating funds and
may not be used for investment projects in fixed assets.
3. The issuance abroad of bonds shall, within the framework of the State
plan for the use of foreign funds, be handled by a financial institution
that has been authorized by the People's Bank of China to issue bonds. All
bond-issuing units must, prior to the issuance, apply to the People's Bank
of China for approval in strict accordance with the Provisions Concerning
the Administration of the Issuance of Bonds Abroad by Domestic Chinese
Institutions promulgated by the People's Bank of China. Any government
departments that are to issue bonds in the international market shall
apply to the State Council of the People's Republic of China for approval.
Without the approval, no negotiations with the foreign parties concerned
shall be conducted. The People's Bank of China shall do a good job of co-
ordination for the domestic bond-issuing institutions to enter the
international market for the issuance of bonds and examine carefully their
credentials for issuing bonds abroad.
4. It is imperative to strengthen the administration of guarantee of
foreign exchange. Guarantee of foreign exchange not only concerns China's
international prestige but also involves the commitments to repay foreign
debts. It is imperative to strictly implement the Interim Measures for the
Administration of Guarantee of Foreign Exchange Provided by Domestic
Institutions promulgated by the People's Bank of China. An enterprise that
is to provide such guarantee shall have a sufficient amount of foreign
exchange of its own as a guarantee and the total amount guaranteed may not
exceed the amount of funds of its own in foreign exchange. The sum of the
total amount of the guarantee of foreign exchange provided by a non-
financial institution and its total amount of foreign liabilities may not
exceed the ceiling prescribed by the People's Bank of China. Without the
approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange Control, no
domestic institutions may provide guarantee of foreign exchange for
institutions abroad. No government departments or institutions may provide
guarantee of foreign exchange for parties abroad.
5. It is imperative to examine the projects of loans strictly. With
respect to a project which requires a medium- or long-term international
commercial loan, the borrower unit shall, prior to the borrowing, conduct
careful feasibility studies as to the capability to repay and the economic
returns of the project and make sure that the obligations to repay are
undertaken and that the project is subject to strict evaluation by a
financial institution. No international commercial loans may be obtained
for a project which has not been established as an item for processing and
approved by the State planning department and for which the supporting
funds in Renminbi are not yet available and the conditions such as energy
supply and communication facilities are not yet present. No international
commercial loans may be obtained for projects of construction which are
not included in the State plan. With respect to a loan obtained from
abroad by a domestic unit, the foreign exchange thus obtained may in
general not be used as mortgage for loans in Renminbi and may not enter
the market for regulating foreign exchange. Where special need arises,
the case shall be submitted to the State Administration of Foreign
Exchange Control for approval.
6. It is imperative to place a strict control on the number of windows for
external borrowing. Apart from the ten existing windows designated by the
State, i.e. the Bank of China, the Communications Bank, China
International Trust and Investment Corporation, the Investment Bank of
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